In the "Chaldaran" war (1514 AD), a large part of Iranian Kurdistan was separated and added to the Ottoman state. The fall and disintegration of the Ottoman Empire in the First World War caused the division of the Ottoman lands, including the Kurdish regions. After that, the libertarian and nationalist motivations imitating the Europeans and the intervention of great powers, including England, prompted the Kurds to propose the formation of an independent Kurdish state to distinguish themselves from others. The Kurds are the largest group without an independent state, claiming a population of 50 million. The majority of this population lives in the four countries of Iran, Turkey, Syria and Iraq, which independence and secession in one fabric can encourage the Kurds of other countries to follow it.
  The question we are facing is why the Kurds of Iraq have not succeeded in gaining independence, despite the conditions for independence and their efforts? And why did they fail in the referendum of 2016 when they had the best chance for independence? The research method is descriptive-analytical and using bibliographic tools and internet documents.

Keywords: Kurdistan region of Iraq, security interdependence, Kurdish independence, referendum, Iran, Turkey, Syria, Iraq

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