Quarterly Journal of Political
Research in Islamic World

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Turkey's new foreign policy over the past decade has been called "Neo Ottomanism". Turkey, along with maintaining its relations with the West, attempts to establish and develop political relations with the countries of the Middle East, especially for the countries in the historical context of the Ottoman Empire. The aim of this study is to explore and explain the dimensions of the new foreign policy of Neo Ottomanism in Turkey, and the challenges it brings for the Islamic Republic of Iran. The theoretical framework of this paper is based on the constructivist approach, and it is based on the assumption that the new Turkish foreign policy is a redefinition of a discourse rooted in the formation and development of its historical identity and due to this, foreign policy makers of Neo Ottomanism, based on published documents and predecessor policies in a decade of transferring power to the AKP, attemted to link Turkey's historical identity to its precious Western value. The hypothesis of this research suggests that one of the main pillars of Turkey's new foreign policy and the doctrine of neo- Ottomanism is its widespread influence and increased involvement in the Middle East region, especially in Syria and Iraq, so that Turkey should play a bold, active, and historically relevant role in the glorious history of the past period and its geographical depth. In many cases, this approach can have challenges and impacts on the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran and affect regional influence. Accordingly, the neo- Ottomanism foreign policy has reflected its relations with the surrounding countries. The development of this foreign policy, despite its positive effects on relations with Iran during the period from 2002 to 2012, brings many challenges for Iran, which we will focus on in this article.
 

Keywords: Neo-Ottomanism, Turkey's Foreign Policy, Iran, Constructivism, Challenge

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